STS-01 Explained
STS-01 Explained: What It Is and How to Apply It as a Drone Operator
As a drone operator in the United Kingdom, it's essential to understand what STS-01 entails and how to effectively apply it in your operations. In this article, we explain what STS-01 is, the requirements associated with it, and how to implement it in your operational procedures.
What Is STS-01?
STS-01 stands for Standard Scenario 1, a standardised method developed by the UK Civil Aviation Authority (UK CAA) for conducting specific low-risk drone operations. It is intended for operations where the drone flies within the visual line of sight (VLOS) of the remote pilot over a controlled ground area in a populated environment, with a maximum altitude of 120 metres. For these operations, a drone with a CE class C5 label is required.
The purpose of STS-01 is to provide a streamlined approach for obtaining authorisation for low-risk drone operations, thereby reducing the administrative burden for both operators and authorities.
- Standardised method for low-risk drone operations
- Developed by UK CAA
- Requires a drone with CE class C5 label
- Maximum altitude of 120 metres above controlled ground area in populated environment
Requirements for STS-01
To be eligible for STS-01, drone operators must meet specific criteria, including:
1. **Equipment**: The drone must be equipped with specific safety features, such as an automatic return-to-home function and an advanced obstacle detection and avoidance system, ensuring safer operation within the scenario parameters.
2. **Operational Procedures**: Operators need documented procedures aligned with STS-01 standards, detailing how the operation will be conducted safely and in compliance with all applicable rules.
3. **Training and Qualification**: Remote pilots must hold a certificate of theoretical knowledge and accreditation of practical skill training recognised by the UK CAA. This ensures they have the necessary competencies to safely conduct STS-01 operations.
4. **Insurance**: Appropriate insurance covering the risks of the operation must be in place before flying under STS-01.
- Equipment with safety features
- Documented operational procedures
- Certified pilot training and qualifications
- Adequate insurance coverage
- Notification or application to UK CAA
Applying STS-01 in the United Kingdom
The UK Civil Aviation Authority (UK CAA) oversees drone operations under the current UK regulatory framework. Drone operators wishing to conduct a STS-01 operation must submit an application for an Operational Authorisation via the UK CAA’s online system. This process replaces the former Operational Safety Case (OSC) route since April 2025.
Applicants must ensure their operation and equipment meet the requirements established in UK Regulation (EU) 2019/947 as assimilated and amended in UK law, including drone specifications and operational procedures.
Additionally, operators must be registered with the UK CAA and possess a valid Operator ID to complete the application process.
- UK CAA as competent authority
- Submit Operational Authorisation application online
- Comply with UK Regulation (EU) 2019/947 requirements
- Register with UK CAA and obtain Operator ID
Common Mistakes to Avoid with STS-01
A frequent error is assuming STS-01 applies to all low-altitude drone operations; it exclusively covers a very specific set of low-risk scenarios. Using STS-01 outside its scope can lead to non-compliance and enforcement actions.
Another common mistake is neglecting to maintain up-to-date pilot certifications or failing to keep operational procedures properly documented and aligned with UK CAA expectations. This can delay approval or cause refusal of the Operational Authorisation.
Operators sometimes overlook the need for a valid Operator ID registration or fail to apply for the respective Operational Authorisation before commencing flights under STS-01, which is mandatory.
- Don’t assume STS-01 covers all low-risk operations
- Keep pilot qualifications current and documented
- Ensure operational procedures meet UK CAA standards
- Register operator ID before applying
- Apply for authorisation prior to flight
Frequently asked questions
What is the difference between STS-01 and other SORA scenarios?
STS-01 is specifically designed for low-risk drone operations where the drone operates within visual line of sight over a controlled ground area in a populated environment. Other SORA scenarios address operations with higher risk profiles requiring detailed risk assessments and approval procedures.
Do I have to use STS-01 for every drone operation?
No. STS-01 applies only to certain low-risk operations that meet strict criteria. For other types of operations, drone operators may need to follow different routes, including a full Specific Category Operational Authorisation with a SORA risk assessment.
Where can I apply for the Operational Authorisation for STS-01?
Applications must be submitted through the UK CAA’s dedicated online portal for drone Operational Authorisations. Ensure you have completed your Operator ID registration before applying.
Is a CE class C5 labelled drone mandatory for STS-01?
Yes, a drone with a CE class C5 label is a fundamental equipment requirement for operations under STS-01, helping to assure the necessary safety standards are met.
Does STS-01 cover Beyond Visual Line of Sight (BVLOS) operations?
No, STS-01 operations must be conducted within the visual line of sight of the remote pilot. BVLOS operations require different risk assessment and authorisation processes under the UK CAA framework.